Buch

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Übersicht

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Verlag	:	Wiley-VCH
Buchreihe	:	Materials for Sustainable Energy and Development
Sprache	:	Englisch
Erschienen	:	13. 03. 2013
Seiten	:	438
Einband	:	Gebunden
Höhe	:	240 mm
Breite	:	170 mm
Gewicht	:	1080 g
Dicke	:	28 mm
ISBN	:	9783527331871
Sprache	:	Englisch

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Autorinformation

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Pierre Pichat, as "Directeur de Recherche" with the CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research, France), has been active in heterogeneous photocatalysis for many years and has founded in Lyon, France, a laboratory principally based on this field. His research activity has concerned both basic investigations (role of photo-generated active species, reaction pathways, relationships between the efficacy and the characteristics of the materials, etc.) and applications regarding not only the photocatalytic treatment of water, but also self-cleaning materials and the purification of indoor air. He has been invited to publish reviews of these various domains. He has been and is a frequent invited lecturer at Conferences. He has received an International Appreciation Award acknowledging his pioneering contributions.Over the years, he has served on CNRS-related Committees on diverse aspects of chemistry, such as catalysis, photochemistry, solar chemistry and environmental chemistry. He has been the coordinator or advisor of European Community projects on photocatalysis. He has been asked by Institutions of various countries to evaluate projects on environmental chemistry. He has been and is a member of International Scientific Committees of Journals and Conferences. 

Produktinformation

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Water is one of the essential resources on our planet. Therefore, fresh water and the recycling of waste-water are very important topics in various areas. Energy-saving green technologies are a demand in this area of research. Photocatalysis comprises a class of reactions which use a catalyst activated by light. These reactions include the decomposition of organic compounds into environmental friendly water and carbon dioxide, leading to interesting properties of surfaces covered with a photocatalyst:they protect e.g. against incrustation of fouling matter, they are self-cleaning, antibacterial and viricidal. Therefore, they are attractive candidates for environmental applications such as water purification and waste-water treatment. This book introduces scientists and engineers to the fundamentals of photocatalysis and enlightens the potentials of photocatalysis to increase water quality. Also, strategies to improve the photocatalytic efficacy are pointed out: synthesis of better photocatalysts, combination ofphotocatalysis with other technologies, and the proper design of photocatalytic reactors. Implementation of applications and a chapter on design approaches for photocatalytic reactors round off the book. 'Photocatalysis and Water Purification' is part of the series on Materials for Sustainable Energy and Development edited by Prof. G.Q. Max Lu. The series covers advances in materials science and innovation for renewable energy, clean use of fossil energy, and greenhouse gas mitigation and associated environmental technologies.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

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PREFACE  PART I: Fundamentals: Active Species, Mechanisms, Reaction Pathways  IDENTIFCATION AND ROLES OF THE ACTIVE SPECIES GENERATED ON VARIOUS PHOTOCATALYSTS Key Species in Photocatalytic Reactions Trapped Electron and Hole Superoxide Radical and Hydrogen Peroxide (O2 and H2O2) Hydroxyl Radical (OH) Singlet Molecular Oxygen (1O2) Reaction Mechanisms for Bare TiO2 Reaction Mechanisms of Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalysts Conclusion  PHOTOCATALYTIC REACTION PATHWAYS - EFFECTS OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, CATALYST, AND WAVELENGTHIntroduction Methods for Pathway Determination Prototypical Oxidative Reactivity in Photocatalytic DegradationsPrototypical Reductive Reactivity in Photocatalytic Degradations The Use of Organic Molecules as Test Probes for Next-Generation PhotocatalystsModified Catalysts: Wavelength-Dependent Chemistry of Organic ProbesConclusions  PHOTOCATALYTIC MECHANISMS AND REACTION PATHWAYS DRAWN FROM KINETIC AND PROBE MOLECULES The Photocatalyic Rate Surface Speciation Multisite Kinetic Model Conclusion  PART II: Improving the Photocatalytic Efficacy  DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVE TITANIA AND RELATED PHOTOCATALYSTS Introduction - a Thermodynamic Aspect of PhotocatalysisPhotocatalytic Activity: Reexamination Design of Active Photocatalysts A Conventional Kinetics in Photocatalysis: First-Order Kinetics A Conventional Kinetics in Photocatalysis: Langmuir - Hinshelwood Mechanism Topics and Problems Related to Particle Size of Photocatalysts Recombination of a Photoexcited Electron and a Positive Hole Evaluation of Crystallinity as a Property Affecting Photocatalytic Activity Electron Traps as a Possible Candidate of a Recombination Center Donor Levels - a Meaning of n-Type Semiconductor Dependence of Photocatalytic Activities on Physical and Structural Properties Synergetic Effect Doping Conclusive Remarks  MODIF IED PHOTOCATALYSTS Why Modifying? Forms of Modification Modified Physicochemical Properties  IMMOBILIZATION OF A SEMICONDUCTOR PHOTOCATALYST ON SOLID SUPPORTS: METHODS, MATERIALS, AND APPLICATIONS Introduction Immobilization Techniques Supports Laboratory and Industrial Applications of Supported Photocatalysts Conclusion  WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING HIGHLY FUNCTIONAL IMMOBILIZED TIO2 THIN-FILM PHOTOCATALYSTS Introduction Application of a Cascade Falling-Film Photoreactor (CFFP) for the Remediation of Polluted Water and Air under Solar Light Irradiation Application of TiO2 Thin-Film-Coated Fibers for the Remediation of Polluted Water Application of TiO2 Thin Film for Photofuel Cells (PFC) Preparation of Visible-Light-Responsive TiO2 Thin Films and Their Application to the Remediation of Polluted Water Conclusions  SENSITIZATION OF TITANIA SEMICONDUCTOR: A PROMISING STRATEGY TO UTILIZE VISIBLE LIGHT Introduction Principle of PhotosensitizationDye Sensitization Polymer Sensitization Surface-Complex-Mediated Sensitization Solid Semiconductor/Metal Sensitization Other Strategies to Make Titania Visible Light Active Conclusions  PHOTOELECTROCATALYSIS FOR WATER PURIF ICATION Introduction Photoeffects at Semiconductor Interfaces Water Depollution at Photoelectrodes Photoelectrode Materials Electrodes Preparation and Reactors Conclusions  PART III: Effects of Photocatalysis on Natural Organic Matter and Bacteria  PHOTOCATALYSIS OF NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER IN WATER: CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATMENT INTEGRATION Introduction Monitoring Techniques By-products from the Photocatalytic Oxidation of NOM and its Resultant Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) Hybrid Photocatalysis Technologies for the Treatment of NOM Conclusions  WATERBORNE ESCHERICHIA COLI INACTIVATION BY TIO2 PHOTOASSISTED PROCESSES: A BRIEF OVERVIEW Introduction Physicochemical Aspects Affecting the Photocatalytic E. coli Inactivation Using of N-Doped TiO2 in Photocatalytic Inactivation of Waterborne Microorganisms Biological Aspects Proposed Mechanisms Suggested for Bacteria Abatement by Heterogeneous TiO2 Photocatalysis Conclusion  PART IV: Modeling. Reactors. Pilot plants  PHOTOCATALYTIC TREATMENT OF WATER: IRRADIANCE INFLUENCES Introduction Reaction Order in Irradiance: Influence of Electron - Hole Recombination and the High Irradiance Penalty Langmuir - Hinshelwood (LH) Kinetic Form: Equilibrated Adsorption Pseudo-Steady-State Analysis: Nonequilibrated Adsorption Mass Transfer and Diffusion Influences at Steady Conditions Controlled Periodic Illumination: Attempt to Beat Recombination Solar-Driven Photocatalysis: Nearly Constant nUV Irradiance Mechanism of Hydroxyl Radical Attack: Same Irradiance DependenceSimultaneous Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Photochemistry Dye-Photosensitized Auto-Oxidation Interplay between Fluid Residence Times and Irradiance Profiles Quantum Yield, Photonic Efficiency, and Electrical Energy per Order Conclusions  A METHODOLOGY FOR MODELING SLURRY PHOTOCATALYTIC REACTORS FOR DEGRADATION OF AN ORGANIC POLLUTANT IN WATER Introduction and Scope Evaluation of the Optical Properties of Aqueous TiO2 Suspensions Radiation Model Quantum Efficiencies of 4-Chlorophenol Photocatalytic Degradation Kinetic Modeling of the Pollutant Photocatalytic Degradation Bench-Scale Slurry Photocatalytic Reactor for Degradation of 4-Chlorophenol Conclusions  DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF PHOTOCATALYTIC WATER PURIF ICATIONREACTORS IntroductionCatalyst Immobilization Strategy Synergistic Effects of Photocatalysis and Other Methods Effective Design of Photocatalytic Reactor System Future Directions and Concluding Remarks  SOLAR PHOTOCATALYTIC PILOT PLANTS: COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE REACTORS Introduction Compound Parabolic Concentrators Technical Issues: Reflective Surface and Photoreactor Suspended or Supported Photocatalyst Solar Photocatalytic Treatment Plants Specific Issues Related with Solar Photocatalytic DisinfectionConclusions  INDEX  

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